Polycystic kidney disease

Stawicki, S. Peter and Lombardo, Gary (2008) Polycystic kidney disease. OPUS 12 Scientist, 2 (1). pp. 17-20. ISSN 1940-8633

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Abstract

Key points: (a) Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common genetic disorders; (b) There are two main types of PKD – autosomal dominant (most common) and autosomal recessive; (c) Diagnosis of PKD relies on a combination of clinical history, family history, imaging studies (computed tomography, ultrasound) and clinical findings (hematuria, hypertension, proteinuria); (d) Extrarenal manifestations of PKD include hepatic cysts, pancreatic and intestinal cysts, colonic diverticula, inguinal and abdominal wall hernias, valvular heart disorders, and cerebral aneurysms; (e) Treatment is centered on ameliorating symptoms and providing supportive care – therapy consists of adequate analgesia for pain symptoms, antibiotics for urinary tract infections, antihypertensive medications, renal supportive therapy; (f) Surgical indications include surgical decompression of large cysts and renal transplantation for end-stage renal failure. ABSITE CORNER is a section of OPUS 12 Scientist dedicated to brief topic reviews geared toward resident preparation for the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination. Each bi-monthly edition of OPUS 12 Scientist will contain one or two condensed overviews, accompanied by a list of selected references. Resident contributions via regular article submission process are welcome, subject to Editorial Board and Section Editor approval.

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